Being the child of a famous father can be quite a burden,
in particular when father and child have the same occupation. The Bach sons
knew all about it. It can also be a blessing, though. That was certainly
the case with the two most famous female composers of 17th-century Italy,
Barbara Strozzi and Francesca Caccini. The latter was the daughter of Giulio
Caccini who with his compositions and in his writings expressed a new approach
to music in which the text was at the centre and should be depicted in the
music. Francesca received an outstanding education, including poetry and
music. She wrote poems in Italian and Latin and was able to sing and to
play various instruments, among them the harpsichord and the guitar.
She was also educated in composition which resulted in her writing operas;
she was responsible for the first opera in history from the pen of a woman.
Unfortunately it appears that only one specimen of this part of her oeuvre
has been preserved. Otherwise just one collection of music has come down
to us, printed in 1618 and including 32 solo pieces and four duets for soprano
and bass, all with basso continuo. Some have a spiritual content, others
are secular. The forms are different: there are strophic pieces but also
pure monodies, often in various parts, in which the performer has to follow
the rhythm of the text. As Francesca regularly performed as a singer it
seems likely that she wrote these pieces for her own performances in the
first place. She may have accompanied herself at the keyboard, the harp
or the guitar. The choice of the basso continuo instrument(s) is not indicated,
except in a small number of pieces with the addition "canzonetta per cantare
sopra la chitarra spagnola". Two of them are on this disc:
Ch'Amor sia
nudo and
Chi desia di saper. It is rather odd that in both pieces
other instruments also participate in the basso continuo.
In these performances the interpreters take a considerable amount of freedom
anyway. It is not made clear on which historical sources these practices
are based. Among them is the playing of ritornellos, often with participation
of the violin and sometimes also percussion. Only in one piece performed
here does the score include a ritornello with the indication that this could
be repeated after every stanza (
O che nuovo stupor). There is no
material for a ritornello in
Se muove a giurar fede, but the performance
starts with an instrumental introduction which lasts almost two minutes.
At some points the violin even plays
colla parte with the voice,
again something which is not required in the score.
Another feature raises questions:
S'io me'n vo and
O vive rose
are both duets for soprano and bass. The low voice is probably played by
the viola da gamba, but that is hard to say, even if one follows the music
from the score. That is an indication that this 'solution' is rather unsatisfying.
Although I would have liked the artists to stick to the score, there is
much to admire here. Elena Cecchi Fedi delivers outstanding performances
of the vocal parts. She deals impressively with the many melismatic passages
and the ornamentation which is required. She makes use of the technique
of the
messa di voce without exaggeration, and pays much attention
to the text. Whether she succeeds in expressing the words is hard to say
as the booklet includes the lyrics but omits English translations. One of
the most expressive pieces is
Lasciatemi qui solo which is in a truly
monodic style; Ms Fedi observes the rhythmic freedom which this piece needs.
The instrumentalists play well; they are on their own in the two instrumental
pieces,
Ciaccona and
Romancesca. Francesca Caccini didn't
compose any instrumental works, therefore these are probably instrumental
versions of vocal items. The booklet doesn't give any information about
this issue, and I have not been able to identify them.
Apart from the liberties in the interpretation the lack of information about
the music and performance practice as well as the omission of translations
are serious minuses. It should not however dissuade you from investigating
it. In 2010 I
reviewed
another disc with pieces by Francesca Caccini. Some pieces appear on both
discs, but fortunately about half of the programme is different. If you
like this kind of music, there are good reasons to add this disc to your
collection.
Johan van Veen
http://www.musica-dei-donum.org
https://twitter.com/johanvanveen
Elena Cecchi Fedi delivers outstanding performances of the vocal parts.