Patrick Hadley - a Brief Biography
by John France
Brief Bibliography
List of Works
Brief Discography
Biography by Andrew Sievewright
The Hills
The Man
Patrick Hadley was born in Cambridge on 5th
March 1899. His father, William Sheldon Hadley was at that time a fellow
of Pembroke College. His mother, Edith Jane, was the daughter of Rev.
Robert Foster, Chaplain to the Royal Hibernian Military School in Dublin.
Patrick studied initially at St Ronan's Preparatory
School at West Worthing and then at Winchester College. However the
First World War interrupted his education. He enlisted in the army and
was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Royal Field Artillery.
He managed to survive unscathed until the last weeks of the war when
he received an injury that resulted in his right leg being amputated
below the knee. This had a profound effect on his confidence and also
caused him to perhaps drink more than was wise; alcohol acted as relief
for the considerable pain he was constantly in. Hadley's elder brother
was himself killed in action during the Great War.
After the War he went up to Pembroke College, Cambridge.
He was fortunate to study with both Charles Wood and the undervalued
English composer, Cyril Rootham. Hadley was awarded Mus. B in 1922,
and an MA in 1925. He then went to the Royal College of Music in London.
Here he came under the influence of Ralph Vaughan Williams for composition
and Adrian Boult and Malcolm Sargent for conducting. Eric Weatherall
notes that Hadley's contemporaries at the RCM included Constant Lambert
and Gordon Jacob. He won the Sullivan prize for composition at that
time the princely sum of 5/-.
He eventually became a member of the RCM staff in 1925
and taught composition. He became aquainted with Delius (see Eric Fenby's
account in 'Delius as I knew him') E.J. Moeran, Sir Arnold Bax, William
Walton, Alan Rawsthorne and Herbert Howells. In fact his friends are
a litany of all that was best in English Music at that time.
In 1938 he was offered a Fellowship of Gonville and
Caius College in Cambridgeshire and a position as lecturer at Cambridge
University. Much of his time was spent in run of the mill activities
associated with the administration of the music faculty. However, there
was still time available for composition. Some of his greatest works
were written during and after the war.
During the Second World War he deputised for Boris
Ord as the conductor and musical director of the Cambridge University
Music Society. There he introduced a number of important works, including
Delius' Appalachia and The Song of the High Hills.
He was keen to promote a wide range of music - including
the formation of a Gilbert and Sullivan Society. Much of his time was
spent in making arrangements for the use of the 'chaps' in the choir.
However, most of these have not survived. We know them only from programmes
notes and hearsay.
In 1946 he was elected to the Chair of Music at Cambridge
University. He retained this post until his retirement in 1962. Some
of the students taught by Hadley have gone on to make big names for
themselves; Raymond Leppard, David Lumsden and Peter le Huray.
In 1962 Hadley retired to
his house at Heacham. He wished to pursue
his interest in folk-song collection. However,
he latterly struggled with throat cancer and
this caused many of his activities to be suspended.
Patrick Hadley died on 17th December 1973
at Kings Lynn. He was 74 years old.
The Music
Patrick Hadley was influenced by the music of Frederick
Delius and also to a certain extent folk music. But there were other
non-musical influences in his life too - Ireland and Norfolk gave him
a profound sense of landscape and location.
His output was limited. He found the business of composing
quite exhausting. Most people think of Hadley as composer of one or
two church anthems - I Sing of a Maiden and the mildly erotic
My Beloved spake. The catalogue shows a wide variety of musical
forms - from a Symphonic Ballad to incidental music for the Twelfth
Night. However, there are no cycles of symphonies, concerti or string
quartets.
He maintained throughout his a career a sense of the
lyrical. Not for him was the experimental music of the Second Vienna
School. He had an exceptional understanding of how to set words to music.
Much of his music is meditative and quite inward looking. One is left
wishing he had written more music for chamber and orchestral forces.
Much of Patrick Hadley's music seems to evoke the English and the Irish
landscape. This is sometimes overt and sometimes intangible. However
it is always done in a very subtle and beautiful way.
One of Hadley's undoubted masterpieces is the Symphonic
Ballad - The Trees so High. This is a large-scale setting of the
folk song of that name for baritone, chorus and full orchestra. The
work is in four movements and it is only in the last, that Hadley deploys
the chorus and soloist. It is in this movement that Hadley quotes the
folk-song in its entirety.
The Hills was completed in 1944 and is perhaps
the finest of Hadley’s cantatas. The others two being Fen and Flood
and Connemara. It has strong personal links with the composer’s
life, dealing with the meeting, courtship and marriage of his parents.
The landscape described is Derbyshire and this is well reflected in
the music. One is reminded, perhaps of Delius’ Mass of Life.
Perhaps the gentlest introduction to Hadley is his
short orchestral work – One Morning in Spring, which was composed
to celebrate Ralph Vaughan Williams 70th birthday. It is
a fine example of an English tone poem.
Perhaps the desideratum is the early orchestral sketch
‘Kinder Scout.’ However this is still in manuscript and will
take an adventurous record company to produce it.
Although Hadley was best of friends with Ralph Vaughan
Williams, he never truly bought into the so-called folk song revival.
Much of his music has folk characteristics, however not for him the
old adage of Constant Lambert - all you can do with a folk tune is to
repeat it -louder! Hadley's use of the folk idiom was subtle.
Much of the composer's output was connected with the
Caius Choir. He did a number of arrangements of works in many different
genres - from Verdi's Stabat Mater to Waltzing Matilda.
Patrick ‘Paddy’ Hadley’s music will never be widely
popular. However, he will appeal greatly to those interested in British
music. If he had only composed the Symphonic Ballad – The Trees So
High and nothing else, he would be respected as a fine composer.
As it is all his works exhibit a great degree of skill, craftsmanship
and sheer musicality.