Daniele (Alexandrovich) AMFITHEATROF
Composer - Conductor by John Steven Lasher
This
is a long file it includes:-
* Daniele (Alexandrovich) Amfitheatrof Composer-Conductor a profile
article by John Steven Lasher
* List of Amfitheatrof's North American Concerts ( 1937-38)
* Amfitheatrof Newspaper Reviews
*List of Amfitheatrof Compositions: chamber; orchestral; and motion
pictures
and television
* Amfitheatrof discography
DANIELE
AMFITHEATROF was born in St Petersburg, Russia on 29th October
1901 into a family distinguished in pre-Soviet Russia in various
fields of arts and culture. His father, Alexander V Amfitheatrof
[1862-1938], was a noted historian and writer. His mother, Illaria
(Sokolof), an accomplished singer and pianist, had studied privately
with Rimsky-Korsakoff.
The composer's early life was one of extreme
hardship. In January 1902, at the age of three months, he was
removed to Siberia, where his father was imprisoned for publishing
anti-Czarist articles. In 1904 the authorities returned the family
to St Petersburg, following which they migrated to Italy. At the
age of six he began music studies with his mother.
In 1914 he commenced studies in composition under
Ottorino Respighi in Rome, but returned with his family to Russia
where his father was appointed advisor to Kerensky during the
few months he was Prime Minister before the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution.
In spite of this social and political upheaval he managed formal
instruction in harmony under Nicolas V Scherbatchef and Joseph
Wihtol at the Petrograd Conservatory between 1916 and 1918. In
1921 he was permitted travel to Prague, Czechoslovakia to study
counterpoint with Jaroslav Kricka.
After four years of hardships the Amfitheatrof
family under the auspices of Maxim Gorky succeeded in their escape
from Russia by way of a perilous crossing in a small boat across
the Gulf of Finland. Following their return to Italy in the Spring
in 1922 the young composer became a naturalized citizen and settled
down to a peaceful pursuit of his musical activities. He resumed
studies with Respighi. In 1924 he received his diploma in composition
from the Royal Conservatory of Santa Cecilia in Rome. To his other
accomplishments as a professional pianist he enrolled in a two-year
course of Gregorian Music and Organ at the Superior Pontifical
Academy of Sacred Music at the Vatican between 1925 and 1927.
In 1926 he was also appointed as private music teacher to HRH
Princess Giovanna di Savoia in Rome for three years.
During these formative years he took his place
in Italian professional life. He was appointed pianist, organist
and assistant choral director at the Augusteo in Rome in 1924,
and between 1926 and 1929 conducted their resident orchestra as
the associate to Bernardino Molinari. Successive appointments
included those as the artistic director of the Italian Radio Stations
in Genoa and Trieste [1929-32] and management of the RAI in Turin,
where he also conducted many symphony concerts, choral works and
operas at the Teatro di Torino [1932-1937]. He also composed his
first film score [Max Ophuls' La Signora di Tutti, 1934]
and appeared as guest conductor of many of the leading European
orchestras.
His success as a composer in his own right was
assured early on by premier performances of Poema del Mare
[Poem of the Sea, 1925] and Miracolo delle Rose
[Miracle of the Rose, 1926] by the Augusteo Symphony
under Molinari. Likewise, a performance of Christmas Rhapsody
for Organ and Orchestra by Fernando Germani and the Chicago
Symphony Orchestra and Fernando Germani under Frederic Stock on
14th December 1928 was well received by American audiences. His
popular programmatic work American Panorama [1935], premiered
by Dimitri Mitropoulos at Turin in 1937, resulted in an invitation
from the conductor of the Minneapolis Symphony Orchestra for Amfitheatrof
to take up the post as his associate for the first two-months
of the 1937-38 concert season.
He arrived in the United States with his wife
of seven years [nee May C Semenza of Milan], his son Erik [b 1931]
and daughter Stella Renata [b 1934] aboard the Italian liner Vulcania
at New York Harbour on 21st October. His busy schedule with the
orchestra, which included concerts in Canada (Winnipeg, Manitoba)
and regional Minnesota (Moorhead), received much positive press.
The music critic for the 20th November edition of the Minneapolis
Progress-Register, reviewing the 13th November concert at Northrop
Auditorium, noted in earnest, 'both as a conductor and composer
Daniele Amfitheatrof was an unqualified success...he won his audience
completely from the beginning through his sincere and ardent interpretations,
and the reception of his final number [the US premier of American
Panorama] amounted to a veritable ovation with many recalls...'.
His brief engagement with the Boston Symphony Orchestra, accepted
at the behest of Serge Koussevitsky, to conduct concerts there
in January 1938 was similarly lauded by audiences and critics
alike.
With the war imminent in Europe he decided to
remain in the United States. He relocated his family to California,
where he was employed under an exclusive four-year contract [1939-43]
to the music department at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studios in Culver
City. In May of 1950 he represented the Academy of Motion Picture
Arts and Sciences and the Screen Composers' Association of America
as their official delegate to the International Music Congress
in Florence, Italy. During his twenty-six years in Hollywood he
was twice nominated for the Academy Award for best original score
for Guest Wife [1945] and Song of the South [1946].
He composed over fifty film scores (many of them uncredited),
and worked at all the major film studios before he retired in
1965.
He returned to Italy in 1959, where he lived
for the most part until 1967. During this time he dedicated himself
to the completion of several new concert works. He made frequent
visits to the United States during the last fifteen years of his
life, but plans to secure the financing for a stage musical, the
production of a film and the completion of an operatic work were
not successful there. His final years were spent in relative seclusion
in Venice and Rome, where he died on 4th June 1983.
Amfitheatrof once remarked rather philosophically
that his career in Hollywood as a 'prostitute composer' ultimately
tarnished his image, making it difficult - if not impossible -
for him to secure performances of his concert music. Nonetheless,
he considered his film work to be professional in every respect,
citing Lassie Come Home, The Beginning of the End,
Letter from an Unknown Woman and The Last Hunt -
the latter recorded in three-track stereo by the MGM Studio Symphony
Orchestra - as the scores he was particularly proud of. Until
certain 'hand-made' labels, claiming first-rights to the vaults
of MGM and 20th Century-Fox, release albums featuring the music
of this most neglected of all the major Hollywood composers those
interested in his oeuvre have little recourse at present other
than a limited selection of commercially available CDs, videos
& DVDs.
Text (c) 2001 by John Steven Lasher. All Rights Reserved.
List of compositions:
Chamber
Sonata for violoncello (or violin) and piano [1923]. Unpublished.
Andante for violoncello (or violin) and piano [1923].
G Ricordi.
Sonata-Fantasia for violin and piano [1927]. G Ricordi.
Trio for violin, violoncello and piano [1931]. Unpublished.
Preludio sull-annunciaziona di Leonardo da Vinci. pf.
[1929?]. Unpub.
Orchestra:
Poema del Mare [1925]. G Recordi. First performance: Augusteo
Orchestra [Rome], Bernardino Molinari, conductor.
Miracolo delle Rose [1926]. G Recordi. First performance:
Augusteo Orchestra [Rome}, Bernardino Molinari, conductor.
Christmas Rhapsody ['Noel'] for Organ and Orchestra [1928].
First performance: Chicago Symphony Orchestra, Frederick Stock,
conductor, Fernando Germani, organ.
Preludio ad una Messa da Requiem for orchestra [1929].
Suvini-Zerboni. First Performance: Orchestra Stabile di Firenze,
Vittorio Gui, conductor.
Italia (tone poem) for orchestra. Unpublished.
American Panorama for large orchestra [1935]. Suvini-Zerboni.
First performance: Orchestra Teatro di Torino. Dmitri Mitropoulos,
conductor. The Disques Pathe recording received the Grand Prix
du Disques for 'best recording of a new work' in 1937.
Concerto for Piano and Orchestra [1936]. Unpublished. First performance:
Orchestra Teatro di Torino, Amfitheatrof, conductor, Magda Tagliaferro,
piano. First USA performances by NBC Symphony, Leopold Stokowski,
conductor, and Los Angeles Philharmonic, Alfred Wallenstein, conductor
[1945].
De Profundis Clamavi for orchestra [1944]. Unpublished.
First performance: NBC Symphony Orchestra, Leopold Stokowski,
conductor.
Requiem for solo voices, chorus and orchestra [1962].
Unpublished. First performance: RAI Symphony Orchestra [Rome],
Massimo Freccia, conductor. Premiere attended by Jerry Goldsmith.
The Staring Match musical drama in 2 acts. Libretto by
Jerry McNeely [1965]. Unpublished. Unperformed.
Concerto Bravura for violin and orchestra [1972]. Dedicated
to Zino Francescatti. Unpublished. Unperformed.
Prayers for string orchestra. Unpublished. Unperformed.
motion pictures and television:
La Signora di Tutti [1934]. Novella Films (Italy).
Mudundu [documentary, 1935]. Italy.
Ash Can Fleet [short, 1939]. MGM.
Story That Couldn't be Printed,
The [short, 1939] MGM. ps: Snell.
Failure at Fifty, A [short, 1939]. MGM.
Fast and Furious [1939]. MGM. ps: Brent.
Nick Carter, Master Detective [1939]. MGM.
Old South, The [short, 1940]. MGM.
Northward, Ho! [short, 1940]. MGM.
Stuffie [short, 1940]. MGM. ps: Snell.
Edison the Man [1940]. MGM. ps: Stothart.
And One was Beautiful [1940]. MGM.
Northwest Passage [1940], MGM. ps: Stothart.
Man from Dakota [1940]. MGM. ps: Snell.
Servant of Mankind [short, 1940]. MGM. ps: Snell.
Trifles of Importance [short, 1940]. MGM.
Boom Town (uncredited) [1940]. MGM. ps: Waxman.
We Who are Young (uncredited) [1940]. MGM. ps: Kaper.
Baron and the Rose [short, 1940]. MGM.
Eyes of the Navy [short, 1940]. MGM.
Utopia of Death [short, 1940]. MGM.
Dreams [short, 1940]. MGM.
Great Meddler, The [short, 1941]. MGM.
Keeping Company [1941]. MGM.
Happiest Man on Earth, The [short, 1941]. MGM.
Whispers [short, 1941]. MGM.
Free and Easy [1941]. MGM.
More Trifles of Importance [short, 1941]. MGM.
Out of Darkness [short, 1941]. MGM.
Blossoms in the Dust (uncredited) [1941]. MGM. ps: Stothart.
Battle, The [short, 1941]. MGM.
This is the Bowery [short, 1941]. MGM.
Get Away, The [1941]. MGM.
Stars Look Down, The [1941]. ps: Castelnuovo-Tedesco,
May.
Man Who Changed the World, The [short, 1941]. MGM.
Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (uncredited) [1941]. MGM. fs: Waxman.
Married Bachelor [1941]. MGM. ps: Hayton.
Hobbies [short, 1941]. MGM.
Strange Testament [short, 1941]. MGM.
H M Pulham, esq. [1941]. MGM.
Mr and Mrs North [1942]. MGM.
Jo Smith, American [ 1942]. MGM.
Dr Kildare's Triple X [1942]. MGM.
Main Street on the March [short, 1942]. MGM. ps: Snell.
Yank on Burma Road, A [1942]. MGM. ps: Hayton
Nazi Agent [1942]. MGM. ps: Hayton
Calling Dr Gillespie [1942]. MGM.
Vendetta [short, 1942]. MGM.
Mr Blabbermouth [short, 1942]. MGM. ps: Castelnuovo-Tedesco.
Northwest Rangers [1942]. MGM.
Dr Gillespie's New Assistant [1942]. MGM.
Price of Victory, The [short, 1942]. MGM.
Lost Angel [1943]. MGM.
Cry Havoc [1943]. MGM.
Days of Glory [1943]. RKO.
I'll be Seeing You [1944]. Selznick International.
Gaslight (uncredited) [1944]. MGM. fs: Kaper.
Son of Lassie [1945]. MGM. ps: Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Stothart.
Guest Wife [1945]. United Artists. AN.
Beginning or the End, The [1946]. MGM.
Miss Susie Slagle's [1946] . Paramount.
O.S.S. [1946] . Paramount. ps: Roemheld.
Song of the South [1946]. Disney/RKO. ps: Paul Smith.
AN.
Suspense [1946]. Monogram.
Temptation [1946]. Universal.
Virginian, The [1946]. Paramount.
Smash Up, the Story of a Woman [1947].
Time Out of Mind [1947] . Universal. fs: Rozsa, ps: Castelnuovo-Tedesco
Undercover Maisie [1947]. MGM. ps: Bassman, Hayton, lc.
Long Night, The [1947]. RKO.
Singapore [1947]. Universal.
Senator Was Indiscreet, The [1947]. Universal. ps: Leith
Stevens.
Ivy [1947]. Universal.
Lost Moment [1947]. Universal.
Letter from an Unknown Woman [1948]. Universal.
Another Part of the Forest [1948].
Universal. An Act of Murder [1948]. Universal.
Rogue's Regiment [1948] . Universal.
You Gotta Stay Happy [1949]. Universal.
Fan, The [1949]. 20th Century-Fox.
Sand [1949]. 20th Century-Fox.
House of Strangers [1949]. 20th Century-Fox.
Backfire [1949]. Warner Bros.
Capture, The [1949]. RKO.
Copper Canyon [1950]. Paramount.
Devil's Doorway [1950]. MGM.
Under My Skin [1950]. 20th Century-Fox.
Damned Don't Cry, The [1950]. Warner Bros.
Storm Warning [1950]. Warner Bros.
Place in the Sun, A (uncredited) [1951]. Par. fs: Waxman.
ac: V Young.
Painted Hills, The [1951]. MGM.
Bird of Paradise, The [1951]. 20th Century-Fox.
Tomorrow is Another Day [1951]. Warner Bros.
Angels in the Outfield [1951]. MGM.
Goodbye, My Fancy [1951]. Warner Bros.
Desert Fox, The [1951]. 20th Century-Fox. ac: Alfred Newman.
Salome (music for dances) s: Duning.[1953]. Columbia.
f
Big Heat, The [1953]. lc.
Scandal at Scourie [1953]. MGM.
Devil's Canyon [3-D film, 1953]. RKO.
Naked Jungle, The [1954]. Paramount.
Of Human Desire [1954]. Columbia.
Day of Triumph [1955]. Century Pictures.
Trial [1955]. MGM.
Desperate Hours [1955]. Paramount. fs: Kubic. ac: V Young.
Last Hunt, The [1956]. MGM.
Mountain, The [1956]. Paramount.
Spanish Affair [1957]. Paramount.
Unholy Wife [1957]. RKO.
Fraulein [1958]. 20th Century-Fox.
From Hell to Texas [1958]. 20th Century-Fox.
Edge of Eternity, The [1959]. Columbia.
Countdown [television pilot, 1959]. Paramount.
That Kind of Woman [1959]. Paramount.
Old Man Charvanaugh Story [from Wagon Train TV, 1959]
Heller in Pink Tights [1960]. Paramount.
Major Dundee [1965]. Columbia. footnotes on film music:
Revue Prods.
ac: Composition of original short cues with other composer's
listed.
fs: full-score by credited composer replaced by [ac] or [ps]
cues.
lc: music library cues reused from other films (uncredited).
ps: partial score of original cues with other composers listed.
Films in bold italic are available on VHS and/or DVD.
AN: music nominated for an Academy Award.
Text (c) 2001 by John Steven Lasher. All Rights Reserved.
Analysis of Selected Works:
American Panorama [1935]
Amfitheatrof's most popular - and accessible (although some,
including Alexander 'Sandy' Courage, the composer best-known for
the theme from the original Star Trek television series, would
argue today that it is, perhaps, too accessible) - concert work
was composed in 1935 before the composer set foot on American
soil. The programmatic content of the music is based upon pictures,
gramophone recordings (in particular, the Paul Whiteman Victor
discs featuring music by Gershwin and Grofé), stories related
by friends returning from holiday in America and, of course, his
own imagination. In his preface to the printed edition of the
score Amfitheatrof speaks of '...vital energy... strength, action
and gain...sentiment and nostalgia...of [his] interest in America
and its peoples'. The work, which is some fifteen-minutes in duration,
is composed for a large symphony orchestra featuring an expanded
percussion section. Otherwise, certain other instruments are required
to produce unusual sound effects, with players instructed, 'Violinists
hum while playing...',' horns blow with mouthpieces inverted...',
'tuba player sing through your instrument...', etc. Amfitheatrof's
intent was to produce the 'sound' of steam engines, fog horns,
sirens, machinery, construction work - industrial America of the
early 20th-Century.
The world-premier was given in 1937 by the Turin Theatre Orchestra
under the baton of the visiting Dmitri Mitropoulos, who later
included the work in his repertoire. The first performance in
the United States took place on 13th November, with the composer
conducting the Minneapolis Symphony Orchestra's homecoming concert
at Northrop Auditorium [University of Minnesota]. The work, which
also featured in his fortnightly concerts with the Boston Symphony
Orchestra in January 1938, elicited favourable comments from the
Boston music critics, including that of Ruth Marsters of the Boston
Sunday Advertiser, who remarked '...Symphony Hall has been resounding
with some extraordinary music of late...The music to which we
refer is called American Panorama...presented for the first time
[14th January] when its composer made his bow to Boston audiences
conducting the regular pair of concerts...'. Similarly, the unidentified
critic in the 15th January edition of the Boston Globe stated,
'Mr Amfitheatrof's own American Panorama, a vast and breezy work,
claimed the most topical interest of the afternoon. It was presented
for the first time in Boston'. Miklos Rózsa later recalled
for this writer a particular performance under the baton of Jose
Iturbi at the Hollywood Bowl in the mid-1940s as being 'very well
received' by the audience.
Text (c) 2001 by John Steven Lasher. All Rights Reserved.
1937-38 North American Concerts
Minneapolis Symphony Orchestra:
8th November 1937, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Tchaikovsky Symphony Number 4 in f minor
Corelli Suite for String Orchestra
Debussy Two Nocturnes for Orchestra: 'Fetes', 'Nuages'
R Strauss Till Eulenspiegel's Merry Pranks
Elgar Pomp and Circumstance (Number ????? ) encore
9th November 1937, Moorehead, Minnesota, USA
Same as Winnipeg, plus ?? encores
Brahms Hungarian Dances
Wagner Ride of the Valkyries ???
13th November, 1937, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA (Northrop Auditorium)
Tchaikovsky Symphony Number 4 in f minor
Corelli Suite for String Orchestra (first Minneapolis performance)
Debussy Two Nocturnes for Orchestra: 'Fetes', 'Nuages'
Amfitheatrof American Panorama (North American premier)
19th November 1937, Minneapolis
Beethoven 'Emperor' Concerto (Rudolph Serkin, pf.)
Boccherini Suite in C major (first Minneapolis performance)
Respighi Pines of Rome
5th December, 1937 (Sunday afternoon), Minneapolis
All French Programme:
Auber The Bronze Horse
Franck Symphony in d minor
Dukas The Sorcerer's Apprentice
Saint-Saens Danse Macabre
17th December, 1937. Minneapolis.
All Brahms Programme:
'Academic Festival' Overture
Symphony Number 2 in D major
Concerto for Violin and Violoncello in A minor (Harold Ayers,
vln., Frank Miller, vc.)
19th December 1937 (Sunday afternoon) Minneapolis.
All Russian Programme:
Glinka 'Russian and Ludmilla' Overture
Rimsky-Korsakov Scheherazade
Moussorgsky (orch Rimsky-Korsakov) Night on Bald Mountain
Tchaikovsky Marche Slav
Boston Symphony Orchestra:
13th January 1938. Sanders Theatre, Cambridge, Massachusetts,
USA.
Beethoven Symphony Number 7
Boccherini (ed. J Lauterbach) Suite in C major (first Boston
perf.)
Rossini 'Semiramide' Overture
Dukas 'The Sorcerer's Apprentice' + encores?
21st, 22nd January, 1938. Symphony Hall, Boston, Massachusetts,
USA.
Amfitheatrof American Panorama (first Boston performance)
Beethoven Overture to Lenore
Pizzetti Concerto dell ' Estate (first Boston performance)
+ other works and encores???
compiled by John Steven Lasher
Discography:
film music:
The Beginning of the End [1947].
Suite from the Original Film Score. LABEL X [LXCD 8] [91772-00082]
CD [ADD] (P) 1994 [18'10].
M-G-M Studio Symphony Orchestra (nee Elstree Studio SO), Amfitheatrof
(conductor).
Lost Moment [1947].
Arrangement of Main Theme from the Original Film Score (arranger
unknown). DECCA RECORDS (USA) [DL 8060] LP/lt. (O/P).
Victor Young and his Concert Orchestra
Major Dundee [1965].
Original Film Soundtrack Recording. COLUMBIA RECORDS (USA) [OS
2780] LP/2s. (O/P). Columbia Pictures Orchestra, Amfitheatrof
(conductor). With Mitch Miller and his Chorus and Orchestra (re-recordings
of selections not on the soundtrack).
The Mountain [1956].
Original Film Soundtrack Recording.
DECCA RECORDS (USA) [DL 8449] LP/ls. (O/P)
Paramount Pictures Orchestra, Amfitheatrof (conductor)
Mrs Miniver [1942]
Suite from the Original Film Score (arr. Black)
DECCA (AUSTRALIA) [436052-2] CD [ADD] (O/P) (P) 1991 [8'34]
London Festival Orchestra & Chorus, Stanley Black (conductor).
Note: Herbert Stothart is also listed as co-composer of this
score.
Salome [1953] 'Dance of the Seven Veils'
from the Original Film Score.
DECCA RECORDS (USA) [DL 6026] LP/lt. (O/P).
Columbia Pictures Orchestra, Morris Stoloff (conductor)
RCA VICTOR [2792-2-RG] [7863-52792-2] CD [ADD] (P) 1987 [5'02]
National Philharmonic Orchestra, Charles Gerhardt (conductor).
Song of the South [1946]
Original Film Soundtrack Recordings.
DISNEY RECORDS [DQ 1205] LP/2s. (O/P). (w/dialogue and SFX)
Disney Studio Orchestra, Amfitheatrof (conductor)
DISNEY RECORDS [WDL 4001] LP/2t. (O/P) (2 music only cues)
Disney Studio Orchestra, Amfitheatrof (conductor)
Spanish Affair [1957]
Original Film Soundtrack Recording.
DOT RECORDS (USA) [DLP 3078] LP/2s. (O/P)
Paramount Pictures Orchestra, Amfitheatrof (conductor)
Talk of the Town [1942].
Selection from the Original Film Score.
MONSTER MOVIE MUSIC [MMM-1953] CD [DDD] (P) 2001 [3'03"]
Radio Symphony Orchestra of Slovakia, Masatoshi Mitsumoto (conductor).
Unidentified cue title reused in 20 Million Miles to Earth [1957].
Identified as 'Trial and Escape' on the film's cue sheets. CD
album title: Mighty Jo Young.
Trial [1955]
Suite from the Original Film Score LABEL X [ATM CD 2007] [91772-20072]
CD [ADD] (P) 1996 [4'11].
Members of the Australian Philharmonic Orchestra, Bremner (conductor).
KINOPANORAMA [KMV 291001] CD SINGLE [DDD] (P) 2001 [4'11]
Atrax Robustus Percussion Ensemble, Paul Sarcich (director).
Alternate take of the Bremner performance.
American Panorama for large symphony orchestra [1935].
LABEL X [LXCD 8] [91772 00082] CD [ADD] (P) 1994 [15'02] Orchestre
de l'Association de Concerts Pasdeloup, Amfitheatrof (cond.) Recorded
in Paris [1937] by Disques Pathe [PDT 40/41] 78s/4s.
Prince Igor (Overture) [1887] Alexander Borodin (composer).
LABEL X [LXCD 8] [91772 00082] CD [ADD] (P) 1994 [8'48]
E.I.A.R. Symphony Orchestra (Turin), Amfitheatrof (conductor).
Recorded by Italian Radio (RAI) at Teatro di Torino [1937]
English Parlophone [E 11368] 78s/2s. [UK, 1939]
American Decca [Red Label G-25822] 78s/2s. [USA, date unknown]
special commemorative CD edition:
KINOPANORAMA [KMV 291001] CD SINGLE [ADD/DDD] (P) 2001 [timings
tba]
Limited-edition of 300 copies to commemorate the launch of the
OFFICIAL DANIELE AMFITHEATROF WEBSITE on 29th October 2001 - the
centenary of his birth in St Petersburg, Russia in 1901. The CD
features several archival recordings [c. 1937 to 1956], including
his concert work, American Panorama, his film scores, La Signora
di Tutti, Song of the South, Salome 'Dance of the Seven Veils',
The Last Nunt (studio rehearsals) and the 1992 digital stereo
recording of the complete original score from Trail.
(c) 2001 Kinopanorama Music & Vision. All Rights Reserved.
