Symphony No. 1, Op. 7 (1889-94) [33:18]
Symphony No. 4, Op. 29 The Inextinguishable (1914-16) [35:57]
New York Philharmonic Orchestra/Alan Gilbert
rec. live, Avery Fisher Hall, New York, 12-15 March 2014
DACAPO 6.220624 SACD [69:15]
I described the first
disc of Gilbert’s Nielsen cycle (symphonies 2 and 3) as an artistic
triumph. Released a full two years later, the second volume in the Danish-American
“Carl Nielsen Project” has disturbed me. This appraisal feels
like my most procrastinated and anguished record review. Thanks to the
editor for accepting the delay and apologies to readers for the long wait.
Speaking of glacial speeds, the New York performances began after two
years of preparation and anticipation. A further three years elapsed between
the recording of the first and second symphonies. Symphonies 5 and 6 are
in the pipeline for issue on CD. The Clarinet Concerto has yet to be recorded
for volume four. Perhaps the creative energy simply evaporated.
What we have here is still impressive: polished playing presented in warm,
three-dimensional sound — in short a fine engineering achievement.
Normally my reviewing problem with Nielsen’s first and fourth symphonies
is becoming so engrossed in the music that I am unable to take notes and
make comparisons. The Inextinguishable is a symphony I want to
play to its resolution, not to analyze. Switching to the first symphony,
I felt both New York performances were routine but I could not trust my
judgment. I have persisted until confident that something is wrong and
that something can be defined.
Nielsen’s symphonies are rich in biographical content, or at least
they reflect the composer’s powers of observation and memory through
his independent perspective. This, I suspect, has something to do with
his background. He was post-modern and progressive. His mother was traditional,
religious, and cautious. She was superstitious and full of folk wisdom.
Nielsen’s father was a roaming free-spirit, liberated, wild and
witty. Both parents were musically gifted but lacked formal training.
When, many events and decades later, in Denmark’s cosmopolitan and
sophisticated capital, Nielsen began to compose his Fourth Symphony the
world was in turmoil. Forced to leave his beloved family for marital infidelity
and passed over for promotion in the orchestra his bags were packed to
start a new career in Germany. From neighbouring Germany in 1914 he read
daily of the senseless slaughter; of men called to battle and mowed down
on a scale previously unimagined. Military pride and patriotism became
what Nielsen described as “a spiritual syphilis” — a
horrible disease. The world was turned upside down.
Nielsen’s Fourth Symphony is a controlled outburst of anguish. It
is heard to its best advantage in a live performance. Gilbert’s
is a live performance — or a series of takes — yet
it is arguably slick and sterile. Comparing two recent recordings, both
on SACD, I found Colin Davis (LSO Live LSO0694 - review)
to be suitably fast and furious. On the Swedish label BIS we have the
Royal Stockholm Philharmonic conducted by Sakari Oramo (BIS-2028 - review)
well able to leave a convincing account of the music to posterity.
Predating these modern performances the Recording Angel has preserved
an “authentic Nielsen” – historical reissues, predominantly
Scandinavian orchestras recording in mono for 78rpm, shellac discs. Then
came another era of Nielsen interpretation, around the centenary of the
composer’s birth in 1965 - the humanist discovery of Mahler, Sibelius
… and Nielsen. Perhaps this was the Golden Age of Nielsen’s
powerful, humanistic music. For sure, we have incandescent recordings
by Leonard
Bernstein, especially the legendary recording of the mighty Fifth
Symphony - my personal epiphany, a discovery that, thanks to BBC Radio
3, I will never forget. In the Fifth Symphony the composer reworks the
theme of violence and the survival of life from his Fourth to a higher
level, and in so doing, Carl Nielsen created one of the twentieth century’s
greatest symphonies; perhaps the greatest.
Reviewing the Fourth symphony on disc, however, one of the most
successful recordings reproducing the world gone mad, a bit like the organized
chaos depicted in Haydn’s Creation, was by Esa-Pekka Salonen.
Originally on CBS: MK 42093 from 1986, reissued but not re-mastered in
a 6-CD 58423 Sony box set. For me it remains a benchmark recording. The
young Salonen’s musicians go berserk, pouring out music like bullets
as if in mortal combat, not only in the famous duel of the timpanists.
The energy is overwhelming and the listener cannot leave this performance
unaffected.
In Nielsen’s First Symphony, a great conductor must reflect the
perceptions and emotions of the young composer; bold and hesitant. Amongst
modern recordings I find Douglas Bostock’s account with the Royal
Liverpool grows on me as more and more convincing. It's available
in various
issues and collections. Incidentally Bostock’s eighth and “round
up” collection of the orchestral music of Carl Nielsen on CD Klassisk
CDK 1044 has a searing account of Nielsen’s tone poem Saga Dream
with the Aalborg Symphony Orchestra.
For me, under Gilbert the New Yorkers are flawless and civilized. If the
new cycle from New York was expected to celebrate the panache of their
ancestors from the swinging sixties, then in my view it is quite the opposite.
Gilbert loves this music but he lives in the corporate age that does not
take risks, does not do drugs, and does not wear heart-on-sleeve. Give
me Leonard Bernstein, crazed, lunatic, genius, musician, any time.
Jack Lawson
Previous reviews: Dan
Morgan and John
Quinn
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