Giacomo PUCCINI (1858-1924)
Manon Lescaut (1893)
Manon Lescaut - Maria Callas
Des Grieux - Giuseppe Di Stefano
Lescaut - Giulio Fioravanti
Geronte - Franco Calabrese
Edmondo - Dino Formichini
Una voce sola - Fiorenza Cossotto
L'oste - Carlo Forti
Il maestro di ballo - Vito Tatone
Un sergente degli arcieri - Giuseppe Morresi
Lampionaio - Franco Ricciardi
Un comandante di Marina - Franco Ventriglia
Chorus of the Teatro alla Scala
Orchestra of the Teatro alla Scala/Tullio Serafin
rec. 18-27 July 1957, Teatro all Scala, Milan. Mono. ADD
EMI CLASSICS 6407542 [76.23 + 44.12]
Manon Lescaut, the earliest of Puccini’s operas to enjoy continuing
international success, has attracted some very starry casts on record. There
are plenty of recordings vying for recommendation alongside this vintage 1957
set, reissued by EMI with the libretto and synopsis now on a Bonus Disc. Rival
sets are good or very good.
Maria Callas’s voice sounds rather harsh here with the result being
less satisfying than some of her other Puccini heroines - notably her Madama
Butterfly with Karajan (1955) and her astonishing Mimi in La Boheme
(1956) - the latter recorded just a year before this set and one of her finest
records. As Manon, Licia Albanese is full of personality but the voice sounds
old in 1954 (RCA) while Kiri Te Kanawa is not very dramatic for Chailly (Decca).
Montserrat Caballé’s recording fails to catch fire although there
are some lovely effects. She is not helped by an off-form Bruno Bartoletti
conducting and Placido Domingo who is not nearly as interesting as he is live
on DVD or in the later Sinopoli set.
On more recent recordings, Mirella Freni is pretty much ideal with the earlier
set sounding very beautiful with the singers quite far away from the microphones.
The Levine performance, although catching Freni in her fifties, is probably
the most satisfying of all alongside an excellent cast. The Callas performance
is more dramatic and interesting than most of the others but her voice is
far less even - especially compared to Montserrat Caballé or Renata
Tebaldi for Decca.
Serafin’s conducting is the best on records along with that of Jonel
Perlea. Some more recent recordings are well conducted such as the Sinopoli
set but with Serafin the speeds always sound right and are less contentious
than those of Sinopoli on DG. The Levine set for Decca is less flexible but
exciting in its own way. The conducting of Bruno Bartoletti with Montserrat
Caballé and Domingo is rather dull.
What remains mesmerizing is the gusto of this performance with Callas's creativity
and intelligence evident throughout. Sample her way with words in “Vedete?
io son fedele” Another example is the duet with Des Grieux “Oh,
sarò la più bella! ... Tu, tu amore? Tu?” Callas's performance
is rhythmically tight and the emotions of this fickle character are expressed
dramatically in a way that is often missing from the more vocally even performances
of Caballé, Freni or Te Kanawa. The coloratura sections of the score
hold no fear for Callas where other singers have been caught out.
What a fascinating character she creates. She can invest phrases with pathos
and tragic grandeur. In “Sola, perduta, abbandonata” memorable
accents stay in the mind for days afterwards. The delicate beginning of “In
quelle trine morbide”, which is so risky, asks for great concentration
from the singer. The tension rises as the voice has to swell with the orchestra
to an astonishing climax.
The voice of Giuseppe Di Stefano is at times rather thin but his performance
is satisfyingly dramatic - different but equal to Jussi Björling and
more youthful than Placido Domingo or Luciano Pavarotti. For all the similarities
critics cite between Carreras and Di Stefano the older singer really wipes
the floor with Carreras in terms of phrasing and vocal quality - when things
get dramatic Carreras barks alarmingly on the Chailly set. This is probably
the best of Di Stefano's later recordings (1957 onwards) along with the Lucia
di Lammermoor with Renata Scotto from 1959.
Di Stefano is an exciting Des Grieux using all his skill to navigate what
is by nature a lyrical voice through a very demanding role. The elegance of
his phrasing - sample “Ah manon mi tradice ...” - means he does
not bark or grunt like so many Des Grieuxs when the tension escalates (“Oh,
sarò la più bella! ... Tu, tu amore? Tu?” or “No!
pazzo son!”). He is an unusually alert and youthful protagonist. This
pays dividends at the start of the opera where “Tra voi, belle, brune
e blonde” and “Donna non vidi mai” enjoy a mixture of light
and shade. There are times such as in “Ah Manon mi tradice” when
one might like a richer and darker voice - perhaps more like Carlo Bergonzi
or Placido Domingo who are both amazing in some live records - however Di
Stefano achieved much through understatement. He is lyrical where other tenors
can sound like sergeant-majors barking orders and, as with his Canio (Pagliacci),
you find that his way with words and rhythm generates its own excitement.
The Act 3 outburst “Ah Non V’avvicinate!” and Act 4 “Manon
senti amor mio” are perhaps the most successful of all even though he
has to achieve by art what others more readily have by nature.
Jussi Björling is excellent throughout with Perlea although his performance
of “Tra voi belle” lacks humour. Mario Del Monaco for Decca uses
his huge ringing voice - by nature ideal for this role - in a loud and inflexible
way. Live recordings by Del Monaco, Bergonzi and Richard Tucker are all richer-voiced
than Di Stefano with certain episodes sounding far more exciting than any
studio recording. That said, all too often the results are overblown and hysterical
with sobs, wails and shouting disrupting the musical line. One can imagine
Carlo Bergonzi’s performance being astonishing in the opera house but
on record and with repeated listening the effects can sound hammy.
Baritone Giulio Fioravanti had a lighter and more lyrical voice than some
other Lescauts on record but he is well matched with Callas - for example
in “Poichè Tu Vuoi Saper”. His voice is flexible and smooth
as well as being characterful next to Di Stefano in Act 3. If the performance
lacks the warm sound of Renato Bruson for Sinopoli or Dwayne Croft for Levine
the results still sound excellent amid the team of fine artists present in
this recording - a well matched group. The vivid personality of Robert Merrill
stands out as the great strength of the Perlea set and he has not been equalled
on record. His partnership with Jussi Björling at “Ansia, Eterna,
Crudel” is superbly characterized.
The sound is dry and somewhat harsh as re-mastered here - there are times
the voices cannot 'bloom' properly. The best recorded sound belongs to the
closely-miked Pavarotti/Freni/Levine recording or the more distant sounding
Sinopoli set (Chailly comes somewhere in-between with Carreras and Te Kanawa
(also digital stereo). This recording could do with an overhaul - re-mastered
from the original tapes. With the EQ boosted and some reverberation added
it would probably come up well with the voices forward and immediate; the
technology has improved since this attempt in 1997. It is only a shame that
this was not made in stereo like Callas's Il Barbiere di Siviglia or
like Di Stefano's contemporary recordings with Decca.
This is a dramatic and engaging performance of an exciting opera. A few ‘raw’
patches notwithstanding this is a classic set.
David Bennett
A dramatic and engaging performance of an exciting opera. A few ‘raw’
patches notwithstanding this is a classic set.