Vincent PERSICHETTI (1915-1987)
            Sonata for Violin and Piano, Op. 15 (1941) [9:31]
            Sonata for Solo Violin, Op. 10 (1940) [9:17]
            Piano Sonatina No. 1, Op. 38 (1950) [3:48]
            Piano Sonatina No. 2, Op. 45 (1950) [4:08]
            Piano Sonatina No. 3, Op. 47 (1950) [3:11]
            Piano Sonatina No. 4, Op. 63 (1954) [2:28]
            Piano Sonatina No. 5, Op. 64 (1954) [2:04]
            Piano Sonatina No. 6, Op. 65 (1954) [2:04]
            Masques, Op. 99 (1965) [8:28]
            Serenade No. 4 for Violin and Piano, Op. 28 (1945) [8:35]
            Hasse Borup (violin); Heather Conner (piano).
            rec. 7-10 October 2012, Libby Gardner Concert Hall, Salt Lake City, 
            Utah, USA.
            
NAXOS 8.559725 [53:00]
            
            
American composer, teacher and pianist, Vincent 
              Persichetti is sadly a much neglected composer of the twentieth 
              century. His early style is marked by the influences of Hindemith, 
              Stravinsky, Copland and Bartok, but his works are not mere pastiches 
              of an earlier style. Whilst Persichetti said ‘listen to you, 
              look at your score, and become you’ as he would ‘improvise 
              pieces in your style’ (as his pupil Steve Reich commented); 
              he was no lampooner. His compositions contain their own distinct 
              flavour.
               
              Born in Philadelphia in 1915, Persichetti began his musical life 
              at age five, first studying piano, then organ, double bass, tuba, 
              theory and composition. By the age of 11, he was paying for his 
              own musical education and helping to support himself by performing 
              professionally as an accompanist, radio pianist, orchestra member 
              and church organist. At 16, he was appointed organist and choir 
              director for the Arch Street Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia, 
              a post he held for nearly twenty years.
               
              Combining Persichetti’s versatility with a poetical musical 
              mind — he composed a cycle of twenty interrelated songs to 
              poems by Wallace Stevens entitled Harmonium — this 
              CD replete with exciting premiere recordings offers a selection 
              of his pieces for piano and violin. These are here played most perceptively.
               
              Persichetti’s Sonata for Violin and Piano, Op. 15 
              was found in the archives of the New York Public Library by Borup, 
              who then asked an undergraduate composition student at the University 
              of Utah to transcribe the handwritten document into a music notation 
              software programme. The result is the performance on this CD by 
              Borup, accompanied by Conner. Written in 1941, a particularly formative 
              time for Persichetti, this is an example of Persichetti’s 
              use of twelve-tone technique. Commenting on his compositional style, 
              Persichetti stated that: ‘Sound gestures come first, manipulation 
              techniques later.’
               
              Written in 1940, the Sonata for Solo Violin, Op. 10 combines 
              Persichetti’s two self-attributed styles: ‘grace and 
              ‘grittiness’. Beginning the second movement with tenderness 
              and lyricism, Borup’s tone is earthy and contemplative, contrasting 
              with the brisk and invigorating third movement. Borup manages skilfully 
              to intertwine indulgent melodies with sharper and more intensely 
              rhythmic passages.
               
              Commenting on the Piano Sonatinas, Conner suggests that 
              ‘these are delightful fleeting vignettes encompassing a wide 
              array of emotions. They represent diverse pianistic styles ranging 
              from the spirited toccata to charming plaintive melodies’. 
              Using polytonality and pandiatonicism, Persichetti’s compositions 
              contain abrupt rhythmic interjections whilst embracing the diverse 
              strands of musical imagination. The Piano Sonatina No. 2, Op. 
              45 is an example of this swiftly changeable and unpredictable 
              style and is played here with spontaneity and pep. Interestingly, 
              in the second movement of the Piano Sonatina No. 3, Op. 47, 
              there are echoes of Satie, but Persichetti’s voice is altogether 
              more adventurous and fragmented.
               
              The Masques, Op. 99 (1965) demonstrate Persichetti’s 
              ability to combine heartfelt subtlety and savvy wit. Consisting 
              of an admixture of didactic and aesthetic components the Masques 
              evoke the styles of Persichetti’s influences. As Borup puts 
              it, these are ‘well-crafted musical Haikus’. 
              Much like Britten’s Six Metamorphoses after Ovid 
              composed in 1951, each with a distinct character and flavour 
              of its own, I imagine every listener picking out something different 
              as his or her favourite.
               
              Formally entitled Words Before Spring, Persichetti’s 
              Serenade No. 4, Op. 28 are, according to the composer, 
              ‘suites of ‘love’ pieces, usually of the night: 
              small pieces of a certain lyric, under-the-window quality, that 
              had precedence with Mozart and Brahms’. Nowhere is this spot-lit 
              solitary quality more clearly expressed than in the third suite. 
              Its closing note is held with intent and feeling. With virtuosic 
              passages for the violin in the second and fourth suite and more 
              introspective sections in the opening Pastorale and Interlude, 
              Borup and Conner combine Persichetti’s compositions of frenzied 
              thoughts tangled amidst a wondering mind. These are fine interpretations 
              and well-crafted performances.
              
              Lucy Jeffery