Rued LANGGAARD (1893-1952)
Sfærernes music (Music of the Spheres), BVN 128 (1916-1918) [40:06]
Endens tid (The Time of the End), BVN 243 (1921-23/1939-40/1943) [24:13]
Fra dybet (From the Abyss), BVN 414 (1950/52) [7:34]
Hetna Regitze Bruun (mezzo)
Inger Dam-Jensen (soprano)
Peter Lodahl (tenor)
Johan Reuter (baritone)
Danish National Choir
Danish National Vocal Ensemble
Danish National Symphony Orchestra/Thomas Dausgaard
rec. 3 September 2009 (Spheres), 28-29 May 2010 (End; Abyss), DR-Koncerthuset,
Copenhagen, Denmark. Sung texts and translations provided
DACAPO 6.220535 [71:53]
As outsiders go, the Danish composer Rued Langgaard isn’t nearly as radical
as, say, the Swiss artist-composer and asylum inmate Adolf Wolfli, whose dark
temperament and tragic circumstances helped define the extremes of Art
brut, or ‘outsider art’. As it happens, the last Dacapo disc to come my
way was Per Nørgård’s extraordinary opera Der göttliche Tivoli, based
on the tormented – but strangely uplifting – inner world of Herr Wolfli (review).
For all his oddities, Langgaard is right at the other end of this spectrum,
his music – as represented by the works on this disc – characterised by a
compactness of structure and utterance. Make no mistake though, the idiom
is clearly late-Romantic, just not of the extrovert, heart-on-sleeve variety
one associates with Mahler, for instance.
Given that Music of the Spheres is scored for large orchestra, soprano
soloist, chorus and ‘distant orchestra’, one might be forgiven for thinking
it’s bound to be a variation on Mahler’s ‘singing universe’, a recap of the
latter’s Symphony of a Thousand. It’s nothing of the kind; from its
near-inaudible beginning and the first appearance of those tremolando
strings and timp crescendi, it’s clear this is going to be a much more
concentrated, interior piece. Indeed, Langgaard uses his forces sparingly
throughout, and the result is a series of discrete – yet curiously connected
– musical episodes, the strangeness of which piques one’s interest at every
turn.
Yes, Music of the Spheres does have a specific programme, the Symbolist
influence mirrored in titles such as: ‘Like sunbeams on a coffin decorated
with sweet-smelling flowers’. They are highly evocative pointers, and sometimes
oblique, but they don’t ‘unlock’ this music in any meaningful way. For instance,
‘Like stars twinkling in the blue sky at sunset’ could conceivably be suggested
by those pulsing timp figures, but all notions of simple pictorialism are
quickly dispersed when those drumbeats become darker and more insistent. In
that sense, all that matters are the antinomies contained in the score itself,
the inner dialectic if you like, and that needs no explanation.
Music of the Spheres has a constant flicker or pulse, a connective
tissue that links all 15 sections. Dausgaard and his Danish orchestra manage
the finely graded dynamics of Langgaard’s score very well indeed, so that
even when we hit those nodal climaxes – the all-pervasive timp crescendo and
brief flare of cymbals in ‘Longing – Despair – Ecstasy’ – are powerful yet
contained. Textures are transparent throughout, Dacapo’s exemplary Super Audio
recording homing in on every nuance of this intriguing score. Moreover, the
sense of a living, breathing acoustic – another characteristic of the very
best SACDs – is ever present.
Voices are introduced in ‘I wish!’, albeit the simple repeated phrase ‘Do
re me sol fa la’, while ‘Chaos – Ruin – Far and near’ is not nearly as apocalyptic
as its title might suggest. There’s an air of understatement here, an asperity
even, yet Langgaard subtly modifies these recurring motifs so they seem eternally
fresh and interesting. It’s a remarkable feat of musical (re)invention.
If you still think that sounds too unvaried for your liking, then just sample
‘Flowers wither’; here Langgaard has penned a lovely, evanescent minute-and-a-half
of the most fragile music imaginable. Quite extraordinary, and most beautifully
played. And while I have yet to compare this recording with Rozhdestvensky’s
– see RB’s review
– it seems Dausgaard is much more spacious at times, his ‘Glimpse of the sun
through tears’ clocking in at 6:03 as opposed to the Russian’s comparatively
swift 5:17. As for ‘The gospel of flowers’ Inger Dam-Jensen is the soloist
in this atmospherically distant movement.
‘The new day’ breaks with a sustained, Gurrelieder-like cry from the
chorus. Yet one senses that for all its radiance this dawn is somewhat equivocal,
affirmation tinged with a penumbra of doubt; indeed, the wordless choir in
‘The end: Antichrist – Christ’ is subsumed by those blood-curdling timps and
pealing bells. And although the harp-like swirls and final crescendo do seem
to strike a more positive note there’s still a degree of ambivalence, of uncertainty,
as the music fades to silence. Enigmatic to the last, this is an engrossing
piece, eloquently played and magnificently recorded.
The Time of the End, which takes its cue from the Book of Daniel, is
made up of music and tableaux from the first and second versions of Langgaard’s
opera, Antikrist. Far from being just a random collection of off-cuts,
this work has a strong narrative and sense of momentum – those timps a familiar
dynamo – not to mention a real sense of drama. I’ve yet to hear Antikrist
– Dacapo 6.220549 – but on the strength of this distillation I will certainly
add it to my wish-list.
Baritone Johan Reuter makes a characterful Bishop Sàl, who joins the anxious
chorus in seeking guidance from the false prophet Antichrist, sung by Peter
Lodahl. There’s a lyricism to both the music and the vocal parts, together
with an underlying harmonic richness that we don’t hear in Music of the
Spheres. The choral singing is splendid, the people’s fear made most palpable
under the blood-dimm’d skies of ‘Towards the end of the world’. But the young
Christian woman – sung by Hetna Regitze Bruun, who also takes the part of
‘the Scarlet Woman’ – is not seduced by his false promises, the impending
apocalypse of ‘Catastrophe’ realised with a simple driving rhythm and tormented
gongs. The choral sound is always impressive, even under pressure, and the
balance between orchestra and voices is most believable. As for that broad,
brass-driven chorale near the end, it sounds simply glorious – even on the
disc’s fine CD layer -– the work ending with a return to that ur-pulse
from the Prelude.
Continuing this spirit of musical and dramatic compactness comes the Requiem-based
choral piece Fra dybet (From the Abyss). Langgaard takes sentences
from the ‘Lux aeterna’ and ‘Dies irae’ and weaves them into a work of real
originality and power. And yes, there is a liturgical feel to this
music, but in the theatrical, Berliozian sense rather than the conventional,
pious one; there’s also a very discreet organ part, but the soloists and chorus
are transported, inspired. No fuss, no histrionics, this really is music from
the heart, a splendid finale to a fabulous disc.
This Dacapo release has impressed me in so many ways, not least for its commitment
to music that’s hardly mainstream, but which deserves to be more widely heard.
As always, such projects require the strongest advocacy, and that’s just what
Thomas Dausgaard provides, both here and in the other Langgaard works he’s
recorded for Dacapo. Throw in very readable liner-notes, full texts and translations
and top-notch sonics and you have a real cracker. Absolutely not to
be missed.
Dan Morgan
A real cracker. Absolutely not to be missed.