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Note: Some composers who were born before 1780 (and whose concertos are therefore included in that timeline) wrote concertos with a known date in the 19th century. Such concertos are also included above. Concertos by composers born after 1780 for which a date could not be found but which must have been written in the 19th century are listed below. Composers who lived into the 20th century with undated concertos are included in this appendix of undated concertos, all of which will have been written after about 1850. That list is ordered by composer and birth date, and some of their concertos towards the top of the list are very likely to have been written in the 19th century.
Undated 19th century concertos:
B.Romberg (1767-1841) tenth concerto published posthumously in 1871 (Unrecorded) N.Kraft (1778-1853) dates unknown for cello concertos Nos.4-6 (All unrecorded) Auber (1782-1871) dates unknown for three (possibly four) concertos (All unrecorded) Birnbach (1782-1848) date unknown for one cello concerto (Unrecorded) J.Bohrer (1783-1863) dates unknown for two cello concertos (Both unrecorded) Dotzauer (1783-1860) dates unknown for nine cello concertos (All unrecorded) Linke (1783-1837) date unknown for one concerto (Unrecorded) Uber (1783-1824) date unknown for one cello concerto (Unrecorded) Pilotti (1784-1838) date unknown for one cello concerto (Unrecorded) Cudmore (1787-1840) date unknown for one cello concerto (Unrecorded) Ten Cate (1796-1858) dates unknown for two cello concertos (Both unrecorded) Hanssens (1802-1871) dates unknown for two cello concertos (Both unrecorded) Böhm (1806-1895) date unknown for one concerto (Unrecorded) Servais (1807-1866) third concerto was published posthumously in 1887 (Unrecorded) J.Gross (1809-1848) dates unknown for two concertos (Both unrecorded) F.Mendelssohn (1809-1847) date unknown for one cello concerto (Lost) Batta (1816-1902) date unknown for one concerto (Unrecorded) Franco-Mendès (1816-1889) dates unknown for concertos Nos.1-2 (Both unrecorded) Stahlknecht (1817-1892) date unknown for second concerto (Unrecorded) Bischoff (1823-1893) dates unknown for two cello concertos (Both unrecorded) Goltermann (1824-1898) dates unknown for concertos Nos.2-8 (All of these unrecorded except the third) Quarenghi (1826-1882) date unknown for one cello concerto (Unrecorded) Swert (1843-1891) date unknown for third concerto (Unrecorded) Fitzenhagen (1848-1890) dates unknown for third and fourth concertos (Both unrecorded) Maselli (19th century) date unknown for one cello concerto (Unrecorded) Meinhard (early 19th century) dates unknown for two cello concertos (Unrecorded)
A total of 205 cello concertos from the 19th century were identified, 66 (32%) of which have been recorded and 139 appear to be unrecorded. This timeline is remarkable because of the relative sparsity of the cello concerto in the first half of the century. There are various possible explanations, e.g. perhaps a paucity of virtuoso cellists but, whatever the reason, it seems that rather little from that time has survived into our musical consciousness nearly 200 years later, and most of it remains unrecorded. There may be more cello concertos from the period that have survived but there seems to be little evidence of them on the internet.
Until Schumann wrote his famous concerto in 1850, Weber and Offenbach are the only reasonably well-known composers of cello concertos in half a century. The other major concertos of the century and ones that have been frequently recorded are those by Saint-Saëns in 1872, Lalo in 1877 and Dvořák’s B minor in 1895. Two of the great cellists of the period, Davydov and Popper, each wrote four concertos that have all been recorded and are worth exploring. Even more so perhaps are the Klengel concertos, three of the four of which have now been recorded. Also worth mentioning are the concertos by Raff and Herbert, both of whom wrote two, and Gretchaninov’s lone work. All these works date from the latter half of the century; from the early part of the century Gross’s Op.38 and the Rietz concerto, usefully paired on one disc (see below) seem the most interesting.
Recommendations
DvořákSteven Isserlis is an obvious choice for both concertos and Rostropovich with Giulini is one of the great recordings of the B minor. Foote The recording of this work by Douglas Moore on LP will be hard to find but it can be heard on YouTube, as can a recent performance by Ruslan Biryukov. It deserves a modern recording and Julian Schwarz is planning to make one.
Gretchaninov The premiere recording of an interesting late romantic four movement concerto played by Alexander Ivashkin.
Herbert Two fine late romantic concertos played by Lynn Harrell. Jaëll A premiere recording by Xavier Phillips of what is probably the first cello concerto by a female composer, and a very lyrical one too.
Klengel The recording of the third by Raphaela Gromes is excellent. Let’s hope that we will soon be able to hear the unrecorded second.
Lalo I was surprised by how many recordings of this work are available. Julian Lloyd-Webber has pride of place in my collection.
Raff Two lyrical concertos very well played by Daniel Müller-Schott. Rietz and Gross From a very fallow period for the cello concerto these works stand out in fine performances from Klaus-Dieter Brandt.
Saint-Saëns All of his music for cello and orchestra on a single bargain priced disc played by Gabriel Schwabe. Schumann For great fervour in the outer movements Casals live at Prades with Ormandy in 1953 is hard to beat. If you prefer a more restrained approach, I would recommend Alban Gerhardt. Vieuxtemps As interesting as his better known violin concertos, both cello concertos played by Wen-Sinn Yang are highly recommendable. Project Home Page
