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Gutenberg independently developed metal moveable type in 1439. It was made of a lead alloy. You can see how the words are assembled (they appear in reverse). Gutenberg then invented the mechanical press for producing multiple copies of pages. The Gutenberg Press was said to be the most important invention that led to the Renaissance because it was much quicker than other methods allowing mass printing (albeit still one sheet at a time). During his childhood Gutenberg had seen olive and wine presses. He also learnt the art of polishing stones, became a master goldsmith and acquired the expertise to create lead moulds used for making trinkets. So he had all the expertise required.

 

 

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